Flow measurement is defined as, “the process of measuring amount of fluid flowing through a given point in a given (definite) time period. ”
Whenever a fluid is in motion, large number of small fluid particles are grouped together to form the flowing stream. These particles, while moving, group themselves in a variety of ways. The type of flow may be according to the conditions, under which, the particles of water unite and move.
Flow may occur due to:
(a) Difference of energy between two distant points.
(b) Due to pressure difference between two ends of pipe (horizontal).
(c) Due to difference in datum energy and pressure energy in case of inclined pipes.
FLUID FLOW MEASUREMENTS
After measuring amount of fluid and time taken to flow, we get,
Average flow rate, Q = Total amount of flow measured / Time taken to flow
Rate of flow or Discharge is defined as, “the quantity of a fluid, flowing per second through a section of a pipe. “