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The efficiency of Rankine cycle can also be increased by reheating the steam. In reheat cycle, the steam in the turbine is expanded in number of stages. After partial expansion of steam in high pressure turbine, it is reheated to the initial temperature at constant pressure in reheated. This reheated steam is further expanded in low pressure turbines. The process of reheating is shown in figure (1).
Figure 1: Reheat Cycle.
Dual combustion cycle is a combination of constant pressure and constant volume cycle where, heat is added partly at constant volume and remaining at constant pressure. This cycle is also called mixed cycle or limited pressure cycle. This cycle is represented on P-V and T-s diagram as given below,
Figure 1: Dual Cycle.
Diesel cycle cycle is also known as constant pressure heat addition cycle as heat is added to the cycle at constant pressure. This cycle consists of four processes.
1. Isentropic compression process
2. Constant pressure heat addition process
3. Isentropic expansion process
4. Constant volume heat rejection process.
The representation of diesel cycle on P-V and T-s diagram is shown in below figure 1,
Figure 1: Diesel Cycle.
Otto cycle is the ideal cycle for petrol and gas engines. It is also known as constant volume air cycle. This cycle consists of four processes. They are,
The P-V and T-s diagrams of the cycle (see Figure 1),
Figure 1: Otto Cycle.
Compressors in which, air is trapped in a reduced space for compression by two sets of engaging surfaces is known as positive displacement compressors.
Figure 1: Centrifugal Air Compressor.
A Centrifugal Air Compressor consists of a rotor (or impeller) to which a number of curved vanes are fined symmetrically. The rotor rotates in an air tight casing with inlet and outlet points.
Figure 1: Roots Blower.
The roots blower compressor consists of two rotors or lobes arranged on two separate axes as shown in figure 1. One of the rotors is directly connected to a drive and the other is driven by gear connected to the first.
Brake Power is defined as the net power available at the shaft and is indicated by B.P. It is most important among all the measurements of I.C engine as it involves the measurement of torque and angular speed of the engine output shaft. The different arrangements used for measuring the B.P are as follows.
A heat pipe is a heat transfer device in which the transfer of heat between the hot and cold regions takes place in vaporised about condensed forms of working fluid. The condensed fluid in a heat pipe, flows from cold to hot region due to capillary action.
Figure 1: Heat Pipe.
A regenerative heat exchanger, most commonly called as a regenerator or capacitive heat exchanger, is a kind of heat exchanger in which the heat from hot fluid is stored in a thermal storage medium when it is passed over it. The cold fluid is allowed to flow through this medium where the heat is transferred to this fluid. Thus heat transfer in regenerators occurs intermittently.